破晓之爱

Readers’ Reflections: China’s innovation success is real global news, landing in the living rooms of Italian retirees who barely use a smartphone: Italian scientist_我的网站

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    Francesco Faiola
Editor's Note:
Ahead of the opening of the 2026 World AI Conference and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance, Chinese AI start-up Moonshot AI released its Kimi K3 large language model. As the world's largest open-source model by parameter count to date, this launch marks a significant step forward in the development of China's artificial intelligence models.
From the C919 airliner soaring into the skies to Unitree's humanoid robots stealing the show; from DeepSeek pushing the AI frontier to Moonshot AI's landmark unveiling of Kimi K3 - China's wave of homegrown innovations has dominated global headlines in recent years, delivering a steady stream of breakthroughs.
At a meeting in Beijing that brought together the national science and technology award conference, the general assemblies of the members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), and the 11th national congress of the China Association for Science and Technology in July, Chinese President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, stressed that the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030) is a critical phase for tackling tough challenges in building up the country's strength in science and technology.
"We must seize the historic opportunity, rise to the challenges of the times, accelerate efforts to achieve high-level self-reliance and strength in science and technology, and make steady progress toward the 2035 goal of becoming a leading country in science and technology," he said.
In the article "Strive for Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi pointed out, "Through years of endeavor, our country's overall strength in science and technology has improved substantially. We therefore have a solid foundation, and are fully confident in our ability to seize the opportunities offered by the new revolution in science, technology and industry to achieve greater results." The article also mentioned that "We should participate to the full in global science and technology governance, contribute Chinese wisdom, and shape a philosophy of technology for good purposes, so that science and technology better serve human wellbeing, and enable China's science and technology industry to contribute more to building a global community of shared future."
In the 27th installment of the special series "Decoding the Book Xi Jinping: The Governance of China," the Global Times, along with the People's Daily Overseas Edition, continues to invite Chinese and foreign scholars, translators of Xi's works, practitioners with firsthand experience, and international readers to focus on the theme of striving for greater strength and self-reliance in science and technology. Together, they share views on China's tech growth, governance principles, and global cooperation in science and technology.
In the 27th article of the "Readers' Reflections" column, Global Times (GT) talked to Francesco Faiola (Faiola), an Italian professor at the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences with Chinese Academy of Sciences and recipient of the Chinese Government Friendship Award.
GT: Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2026 World AI Conference and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance on July 17. He said that as a responsible major country, China is always committed to providing international public goods relating to AI. In the article "Boost Basic Research and Achieve Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fifth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi said, "It is important that we adopt a more open-minded approach to international exchange and cooperation in research to create an open, globally competitive innovation ecosystem." Amid the current complex global landscape, China remains firmly committed to keeping its doors open to international scientific collaboration. In your view, where does China's confidence in this commitment come from?
Faiola: I think China's confidence in staying open comes from a deep shift in mindset. The Chinese people, especially the scientific community, now really believe they are not inferior to Westerners. For a long time, even many people here thought top science had to happen at a Western address. When I first came, I believed that too. The US and Europe seemed like the only serious places for breakthroughs. Now that idea is changing, and moving toward China, because the evidence of leadership is everywhere: stem cell standards, artificial intelligence (AI) efficiency, green manufacturing. It's undeniable. China knows it has everything needed to attract and keep international talent. It's no longer a developing country playing catch up. It's a place that's helping set the global agenda.
That self-assurance is the bedrock of openness. When you truly believe you have unique strengths, like a huge organoid screening capability or a community of scientists who think deeply, you don't fear open doors. You want colleagues from everywhere to walk through so the science moves faster. My own lab works with European centers as equals. That parity is real. But we also know not everyone abroad gets this transformation yet. A lot of people still imagine Chinese science as just following others. That's exactly why China is pushing openness harder: funding lines for foreign principal investigators, open innovation hubs in Beijing, active participation in setting international standards. These aren't defensive moves. They're proof of a country confident enough to invite the world in, show what it can do, and create knowledge together.
On a deeper level, the confidence is also just rational. The big challenges - environmental problem, pandemic preparedness and precision medicine - are global. If China closed itself off, the data and validation its own regulators need would get weaker. So, the open door isn't charity. It's the smart recognition that scientific greatness today gets multiplied when you share it.
GT: In the article "Strive for Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi pointed out, "Through years of endeavor, our country's overall strength in science and technology has improved substantially. We therefore have a solid foundation, and are fully confident in our ability to seize the opportunities offered by the new revolution in science, technology and industry to achieve greater results." From the domestically built large passenger jet to DeepSeek, Unitree Robotics, and Moonshot AI's Kimi K3, China's innovation achievements have been making headlines. How do you assess China's achievements in sci-tech innovation in recent years? 

Faiola: I measure China's innovation success in a very personal way. My parents are old, living in a small Italian town. They don't speak English. They don't understand molecular biology. They can't read a scientific paper. But over the past few years, they've called me up more than once, excited, telling me about a Chinese airplane or a humanoid robot or some AI breakthrough they saw on Italy's main TV news or in the newspapers.
That tells me something deep. These aren't niche stories for tech insiders. They are real global news, landing in the living rooms of retirees who barely use a smartphone. I'm not bragging to them about China's progress. They are telling me. When achievements get that far into everyday European life, it's a sign China is doing something the world finds worth talking about.
The C919 plane, DeepSeek, Unitree Robotics - these aren't one-off hits. They prove China can now conceive, design, and build complex, original systems on its own, whether it's an airliner, an advanced AI model, or an agile robot. That takes deep integration across different fields, aerodynamics, materials, real time control, and AI.
DeepSeek's whole philosophy, doing more with less, is exactly how we created affordable organoid screening tools. And the quiet shift from rule taker to rule maker in chemical safety standards, that mirrors the C919's ambition to compete globally on certification. All this shows China is blending manufacturing, digital smarts, and biology into one force. But my real proof is what I hear from my students. They don't just apply discoveries from papers anymore. They question the assumptions behind them. That intellectual confidence, and the fact it echoes all the way back to a small Italian town, is why I'm sure China will fully seize this moment.
GT: President Xi said that AI development should not be a solo performance by a single country, but a symphony of international cooperation. Having conducted research in China for many years, you are not only a witness but also a driving force behind China-Europe scientific exchanges. Looking ahead, how can both sides deepen complementary advantages and achieve mutually beneficial empowerment to jointly address global challenges such as climate change and health? Over the next five years, which specific sectors should China-Europe science and technology collaboration prioritize?
Faiola: I grew up in Italy and now I lead a lab in Beijing while working with colleagues all over Europe. So, China-Europe teamwork isn't some abstract idea to me. It's how my week actually looks. The old cliché, European basic research plus Chinese scale and speed, is already outdated. Both sides now generate novel insights. The relationship has to become genuine two-way cocreation.
I see three practical things that would deepen it. First, we need truly joint funding: one grant, one integrated team, maybe a Max Planck group and a Chinese Academy of Sciences group, with a single scientific plan and students who genuinely rotate between the labs. Second, we need to harmonize regulations and ethics for organoid technologies. Europe has advanced thinking on governance. China has manufacturing scale and the drive to get things into clinics. If we co-develop shared quality and ethical standards for organoid testing, we basically set the global benchmark. A liver organoid made in Europe could then be used directly for a toxicity screen in China without repeating all the validation. Third, we need deliberate talent circulation, not a zero-sum competition. Joint PhD programs where a student naturally moves between continents.
The science doesn't care about borders. If we build the shared tools now, China and Europe can show the world a model where shared knowledge beats division.
GT: Recently, some Western media and think tanks are peddling "China Shock 2.0," claiming that China is achieving fast development in high-tech sectors such as renewable energy and AI and relies on foreign markets to absorb its overcapacity, thus reducing the market share of developed countries and sending more serious shock waves to the global economy compared with the era of traditional manufacture industry. What's your comment on this? In your view, does this represent a new pretext for Western protectionism, or is it an unavoidable external misunderstanding amid China's industrial upgrading?

Faiola: I'm a bench scientist, not a political analyst. I stick to what I can see and measure in my own work. So, I'm not going to guess what the media or think tanks intend. I'll just tell you what the facts show me, and from my lab, the "China Shock 2.0" story just doesn't match up.
In my field of stem cell toxicology, the world is desperate for human relevant safety tests to replace animal testing. Tens of thousands of chemicals still don't have proper hazard data. When Chinese labs turn out high throughput organoid platforms at a fraction of the old cost, that's not dumping "overcapacity" into a full market. It's filling a huge shortage. A researcher in Brazil or Kenya suddenly gets access to a toxicity screen that never existed for them before. Demand is skyrocketing, not standing still. Meeting that demand is a service, not a shock.
With AI, it's the same pattern. DeepSeek's efficiency makes it cheaper and easier for biomedical researchers around the world to use these tools. It's helping create new markets, not stealing a fixed pie. Sure, any big shift causes some dislocation. The answer to that is domestic support and transition policies, not blocking technologies that help solve planetary problems.
。    登录新浪财经APP 搜索【信披】查看更多考评等级　　财联社8月26日讯（编辑 杨斌）　　监管对银行业合规的惩戒力度持续加码。　　财联社梳理今年银行罚单数据发现，银行罚单整体数量有所下降，但大额罚没案件明显增多，2026年以来500万元以上大额罚单已达21张，千万级罚单已出现多起，罚没总规模逼近 13 亿元。罚单整体呈现“数量下降、金额上升”的特征，且“双罚”常态化。

B | 　　业内分析指出，监管的处罚愈加精准，要求银行穿透式治理合规方面的深层次缺陷。

C | 　　渤海银行领5015万罚单，事涉贷款、票据、理财业务　　国家金融监管总局近日公示一批行政处罚信息：渤海银行因“相关贷款、票据、理财业务不审慎等”被罚款5015万元，三名责任人被警告并罚款共计22万元。全资理财子公司渤银理财因“投资运作不规范、信息披露不准确等”被罚1230万元，两名责任人被警告并罚款共计11万元。

D | 母子公司合计罚没6245万元，处罚落实“双罚制”，机构与个人双重追责。

E | 　　业内分析指出，贷款、票据、理财是商业银行最核心、体量最大、风险最高的三大板块，三项业务同时出现合规问题说明该行风控体系、制度执行、内部监督亟待加强。　　渤海银行及其分支机构今年已多次收到监管处罚。2月，武汉分行因流动资金贷款贷前调查和贷后管理不尽职、融资租赁保理业务不审慎被罚175万元；4月，深圳前海分行因贷款“三查”不尽职、并购贷款审查不到位、集团授信管理不到位、资产分类不真实等被罚290万元；5月，郑州分行因发放无实际用途存单质押贷款虚增业务规模、贷款“三查”不到位、滚动开票虚增业务规模等多项违规行为被罚350万元。　　渤海银行尚未发布2026年半年报，从年报数据看，渤海银行2025年实现营收259.70亿元，同比增长1.92%；实现净利润54.98亿元，同比增长4.61%。

F | 2025年末，渤海银行不良贷款率1.66%，环比下降0.1个百分点，但在股份制银行中处于较高水平。　　今年银行大额罚单已超20张，监管处罚愈发精准　　截至8月26日，金融监管总局本次对渤海银行开出的罚单，为今年银行机构被罚金额最大的一单。财联社据企业预警通数据统计，2026年至今，央行、金融监管总局及其派出机构、外汇局对银行机构开出的单笔罚没金额超500万元的大额罚单共21张，涉及19家银行总行，罚没合计约2.70亿元。　　图：2026年至今银行收到的500万元以上罚单　　进一步来看，年内单笔超千万元的罚单共6张。除渤海银行外，还涉及建设银行、浦发银行、农业银行、中信银行及杭州联合农商银行。　　同样是在8月，农业银行上海分行因贷款违反审慎经营规则、票据业务管理不到位等事由，收到金融监管总局上海监管局1210万元的罚单。　　2月12日，央行对建设银行、浦发银行开出超4000万元罚单，事由均涉及客户尽职调查、可疑交易监测等反洗钱环节，并叠加征信、支付结算、账户管理等违规，单日合计罚没超8600万元，成为上半年最具标志性的银行处罚案件。

G | 反洗钱合规——尤其是客户身份识别、可疑交易报告、客户资料保存等环节，成为监管执法的“重中之重”。

H | 　　另外，中信银行和杭州联合农商银行分别因为信用卡业务违规和数据报表报送不规范的原因，收到千万以上的罚单。

I | 　　按银行类型看，股份制银行收到的大额罚单（下专指500万元以上的罚单）最重——5张罚单合计约1.17亿元。国有银行6张、罚没约8393万元；城商行6张、罚没约4090万元；农商行3张、罚没2260万元。　　从违规领域看，信贷业务仍是罚单高发区，多数大额罚单涉及贷款“三查”、票据融资、信贷资产质量等环节违规。农业银行年内已收到两张大额罚单，均与信贷相关。　　整体来看，2026年银行监管处罚延续高压态势。据企业预警通统计，一季度监管对银行机构及从业人员开出罚单1076张、罚没6.32亿元；二季度655张、罚没3.98亿元；7月262张、罚没1.40亿元。今年罚单合计已达2129张，罚没约12.96亿元。　　与去年同期相比，今年银行罚单呈现“张数减少、金额增加”的特点。在大额罚单上，去年同期500万元以上的罚单有17张，千万以上有6张，但最高金额不足3000万元。此外，“双罚制”常态化，即一旦发生违规，机构与相关责任人员都要承担责任。

J | 　　某金融业分析师指出，大额处罚更加集中、强调“追责到人”，均显示监管的处罚愈加精准。监管从“发现违规”，逐步导向“追溯违规产生的原因”，要求银行穿透式治理合规方面的深层次缺陷。责任编辑：曹睿潼。

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